Christopher Columbus A False Narrative For Americans

All across the United States, students learn that Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue in 1492 and â€Å"discovered† North America. This common misconception creates a false narrative for Americans learning about Christopher Columbus’ legacy - and indeed about the country’s early post-European history. When Christopher Columbus came ashore, North America was already inhabited by hundreds of thousands of native peoples so the concept of Christopher Columbus somehow â€Å"discovering† what is now the United States of America is inaccurate. He did, however, set off a process of conquering the land and its people for the Western World. He did so through brutal tactics including forced labor, enslavement, violence, and widespread killing.†¦show more content†¦The Arawak people welcomed Columbus and his men as if they were gods. In return, Columbus took advantage of their generosity and responded with enslavement, torture, violence and mass killin gs. A person who takes advantage of an innocent person or group in these ways is not a hero, a good leader, or a good person. Furthermore, Columbus began enslaving the natives for more reasons than free labor. He needed something profitable to show the King and Queen of Spain, and Columbus decided that Europe could use slaves too. Columbus was planning a return trip home to Spain. His idea was to bring some Arawaks with him and show them to the King and Queen of Spain. Queen Isabella would see how valuable a slave market could be, and she would give Columbus more money and the title that he was promised. Ever since day one, Columbus made his thoughts and intentions extremely well-known through the bindings of his journal. In one excerpt from his journal, Columbus wrote, â€Å"They would make fine servants†¦ With fifty men we could subjugate them all and make them do whatever we want† (Columbus qtd. in Zinn 1). Christopher Columbus did not think about how his actions would impact others. Columbus thought about what would turn a profit for himself. Columbus packed up and left for his voyage back t o Spain with Arawak peoples on board his ships. Unfortunately, many Arawaks did not make it to Spain because they died on the voyage. Still desperate forShow MoreRelatedThe Puritans And The Colonists923 Words   |  4 Pagesland forced harshest treatments on the natives. Everything was taken away for the sake of advancement of civilization, the conversion to Christianity, and displacing of Indian tribes. Mary Rowlandson’s saga, â€Å"A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration† described the Native Americans as black creatures of the night. She tried to portray the natives as cruel to the rest of the world yet the Puritans actually created the situation by occupying the Indian villages. The Puritans saw that the IndiansRead MoreAn Investigation Into Different Theories Of Modern Curriculum1031 Words   |  5 Pagesperhaps reading classical memoires of great explorers. 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With this new viewpoint, the explorers are â€Å"no longer seen as advanced and enlightened;† instead they are â€Å"plainly savage and selfish† (Brizee 2). Voyagers such as Christopher Columbus are not messengers of the new world, but genocidal religious extremist. Through the actions and thoughts of the characters in The Kite Runner, the politics and the psychology of the anti-colonist resistance is displayed. For once the colonizedRead MoreMaya Collapse1895 Words   |  8 Pagesthe narrative of progress and civilization as codified by the first great agrarian kingdoms† (Scott 2011, p.2). By replacing hunters-gatherers a nd nomadic lifestyles with society of agriculture, people witnessed the flourish of many early civilizations in Europe, Asia such as Mesopotamian civilization, Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, China dynasties, etc. Besides those big and famous civilizations existed in Europe and Asia, owning to the discovery of American continent of Christopher Columbus in 1492Read MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages............................................................................................ 250 Straw Man Fallacy.............................................................................................................................. 251 False Dilemma Fallacy....................................................................................................................... 253 Fallacy of Faulty Comparison ..............................................................................Read MoreStrategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded Successfully133347 Words   |  534 Pagespractices of companies in several other industrialized countries. For example, a study by the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment reported that â€Å"auto workers in Japan receive more than three times as much training each year as workers in American-owned assembly plants in the U.S.† U.S. workers not going on24 to college do not receive the training of their counterparts in other industrialized countries. In contrast, technical workers in other industrialized countries are often trained in well-developedRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 PagesShifts in U.S. Labor Force, 1996—2006 80 70 Percentage of Workforce 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 African–American 1996 Asian 2006 Projected Hispanic White 75.3 72.7 11.3 11.6 4.3 5.4 9.5 11.7 SOURCE: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections 1996—2006. 8 Section 1 HR Management—Strategies and Environment are expected to increase faster than the African-American labor force. This increase means that non-whites will compose about 28% of the U.S. labor forceRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:

Chinese and American Foreign Policy Essay - 2242 Words

Chinese and American Foreign Policy Since the fall of the Soviet Union, the Cold War was over, making the U.S. the only superpower left in the world. This has made the international system much more tranquil, and relaxed. The only country potentially powerful besides the U.S., is China. Many Americans fear China, not only because they are communist, but also because of their huge population. Their population is 1.3 billion people, which accounts 1/5th of the world’s population. As one of the only potential superpowers in the world, it would be in the best interest of all Americans if the U.S. and China became allies, instead of enemies. Peace and development, economic prosperity and social progress, are goals that both of†¦show more content†¦China has been a communist country since the communist revolution took place in 1949, since then China has been ruled by the dictator Mao Tse-Tung. However the Chinese dictator died in September 1976, he was hailed abroad as one of the worlds’ great l eaders. Certainly one of the more impressive aspects of the Chinese communist government, has been the willingness of the people to protest against it (3, pg. 4). China has been in a state of revolution and reform since the Sino-Japanese war of 1895. As a result of Japan’s victory over Russia in 1905, China’s constitutional reform movement gathered momentum. This forced the Manchu government by public opinion to make gestures of preparation for a constitutional government, an act to which reformers in exile responded enthusiastically by establishing a Political Participation Society (Cheng-wen-she) (1, pg.84). The apparent willingness of the Manchu government to consider constitutional reform naturally removed some of the assumptions for revolution and impeded its progress. This helped to sharpen the already intense conflicts that occurred between the reformists and the revolutionaries. In efforts to check this unfavorable tide, the Chinese student revolutionaries in Tokyo extended their war of words to physical combat. Unfortunately the revolutionaries victory over the reformists in Tokyo was not equal to (5=Zhaoxing, Li, â€Å"Seeking Common Ground,†Show MoreRelatedRelations Between The United States And China1620 Words   |  7 PagesSince 1899, America has maintained an open door policy with China. Throughout the years, relations between the United States and China have changed with several effects on both countries caused by the open door policy. Following the Sino-Japanese war from 1894 through 1895, the Chinese government was severely weakened. 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The first element of American foreign policy is that the

Buddhism Essay Conclusion Example For Students

Buddhism Essay Conclusion High in the mountains of the Himalayas chants ring out from the Tibetan monastery. For most this is a dream-like vacation to a far away land. For some of the people who live in Tibet and India this is everyday life as a Buddhist. Buddhism revolves around a strict code of daily rituals and meditations. To an outsider they can seem mystical or even odd, but these are the paths to enlightenment and spiritual salvation. Throughout the centuries, Buddhism has evolved into a major religion in Asia and other parts of the world. The mystical roots of Buddhism can be traced back to the first century BCE. Buddhism began with the birth of Siddhartha Gautama. When Siddhartha was born he was noticed as having the 32 auspicious signs of an enlightened one (Clark and Brown 3). His father, fearing Siddhartha would shun his inheritance, confined him to the walls of the palace, never allowing his son to experience want or suffering. However, Siddhartha on several occasions ventured outside the confines of the palace. On one of his visits into the city he saw an ascetic begging for alms in the city square. It was then that he realized that there was meaning beyond physical existence (Clark and Brown 3).Siddhartha then gave up his possessions to search for enlightenment. He discovers that by following the path of moderation, one can become enlightened (Clark and Brown 3). And so, he attained Buddhahood. Afterwards Buddha, the name given to an enlightened one, travels through India preaching and educating others about th e middle path (Clark and Brown 3). From this, Buddhism was born. The religion of Buddhism is not entirely in a sphere of its own. In fact, it combines several influences born in and around the Asian continent. The first religious influence is Taoism. Taoism embraces the belief in the fluid like spirit that flows throughout everyone and everything. The primary belief of Taoists is that the universe is in constant change. Taoists believe that nature and the earth is constantly in flux. Simply, the onlyconstant in the world is change. When individuals learn that growth and movement are natural and necessary, they can become balanced (Clark and Brown 7). Taoism teaches self-control and the importance of meditation in searching for enlightenment. The second influence is Confucianism. Put simply, Confucianism is the quest for order (Clark and Brown 8). Although it teaches the balance of family with society, Confucianism is more of a political ideology. In Asia, it concerns the division of property among citizens. Lastly, among others, is Zen. This is the most important of Buddhist practice. Zen is more a ritual than a written in stone doctrine. The rituals deal with meditation and the path to enlightenment. Zen Buddhismis the basic practice of meditation in order to reach peace within ones self (Clark and Brown 8). For most Buddhists it is Zen that leads the way to enlightenment. The practice involves reflecting upon ones self and meditating in order to reach spiritual salvation, or Nirvana, the highest level of spiritual peace. Buddhist practice can generally be divided into two sects, the Mahayana and the Theravada. The Theravada sect, the eldest, is commonly referred to as the tradition of the elderly (Hansen 4). The basic belief is that your station in life is directly related to the spiritual state of your soul. According to the beliefs, enlightenment is reserved for a select group of religious figures and scholars (Clark and Brown 5). As can be expected, the Theravada sect is less commo n. Followers of the Theravada are more commonly found in Thailand, Sri Lanka, and Burma (Hansen 4). The second sect, the Mahayana, is the youngest one. It is commonly referred to as the Greater Vehicle. Mahayana differs in that it subscribes to the belief that all people can attain enlightenment through the help of a teacher. Members of the Mahayana hold to the notion of group salvation, as opposed to individual accomplishment (Clark and Brown 4). The Mahayana sect is more prevalent in Buddhist communities, and far more practiced than the Theravada. .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51 , .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51 .postImageUrl , .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51 , .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51:hover , .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51:visited , .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51:active { border:0!important; } .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51:active , .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51 .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7e4ed073a10bf5747c5c9dce78e4ca51:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: West African Art EssayThe main difference between the two sects is how they interpret the texts. The Mahayana views the texts more liberally, emphasizing an equal chance for all humans to achieve enlightenment (Clark and Brown 4). The way to enlightenment involves many rituals and practices. Tibetan Buddhist tools for awakening also promote relaxation and healing (Dharma Haven 1). Meditation is key to Buddhists. Before one can attain enlightenment, one must gain what is known as the four circles. The first circle is called the Fire of Wisdom. It is the outermost circle and consists of the purifying fire (Hansen 2). The second circle is called the Vajra circle. It is symbolized as the diamond circle, expressing ones fearlessness and strength. The third circle is the Tombs. This circle consists of eight tombs, each signifying the eight states of consciousness, which a person must work beyond. The fourth circle is the Lotus circle. This circle represents the open state of devotion (Hansen 2), which is necessary to achieve enlightenment. Another practice among Buddhists is the Eightfold Path. One must follow the Eightfold Path, much like Christianitys Ten Commandments, in order to purify ones self and reach enligh tenment. They are1.Right belief2.Right resolution3.Right speech4.Right action5.Right living6.Right effort7.Right thinking8.Peace of mind through meditation (Hansen 4). These along with other beliefs help mold the theology behind Buddhism. In all, Buddhism is a rich religion that affects the lives of millions of people throughout the world. Most importantly, Buddhism is a religion for all people. The religion emphasizes personal enlightenment as opposed to salvation from a higher being. The religion teaches that salvation lies in your own hands, and you are ultimately responsible for what you do, and the consequences that you face. Buddhism molds several ideologies and religions into its practices, appealing to a wide number of people, searching for salvation. Buddhist thought has helped to shape the lives of people as well as political institutions. In Japan Shintoism, the ancient cult over which the imperial family presided, had been largely eclipsed by Buddhism (Ralph et al 34). Aspects of the religion have also moved into the U.S., Growing interest in Asian culture and spiritual values in the West has led to the development of a number of societies devoted to the study and practice of Buddhism. Zen has grown in the United States to encompass more than a dozen meditation centers and a number of actual monasteries (McDermott 2). The Buddhist religion encompasses a large spectrum of people all diverse but united under the words and teachings of Siddhartha Gautama.Works CitedClark, Laura, and Suzanne Brown. Vietnamese Buddhism. 18 Jan. 2000. . Dharma Haven. Healing, Relaxing and Awakening: Tibetan Buddhist Methods. 16 Jan. 2000. . 18 May 1999. Hansen, Jytte. Mandala. 17 Jan 2000. . 1 March 1997McDermott, James Paul. Buddhism Today. Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 99. Ralph, Phillip Lee, et al. World Civilizations: Their History and Culture. 9th edition. New York: Norton, 1997.

Professional IT Culture Occidental Engineering

Question: Discuss about the Professional IT Culture for Occidental Engineering. Answer: Introduction The report depicts IT professional risks occurred in a large engineering firm namely as Occidental Engineering. The software engineer Mr. Wayne Davison was working on Operation Safe Skies a building prototype project (Schrum et al., 2013). While working under the project, the organization and the employees faced several ethical issues. The report will provide a defense on IT culture in turns of ethical grounds based decision making. During analysis various risks come under focus. Firstly, the project manager Deborah and the software engineer Wayne were just trying to determine the time to be taken in order to fix the machinery issue. On the basis of certain principles and benchmark they tried to satisfy their duties (Nguyen, 2014). These issues raised as the company just wanted to survive in the competitive environment. The report will provide ethical codes generated by Australian Computer Society. The reason behind the occurrence of ethical dilemma is the norms and policy of the organization. The situation of Occidental Engineering is fictional but difficult to impulse and it elaborated various crucial ethical points. Evaluation of ACS values against the philosophical theories In the year of 1992, ASC provided an overview of ICT based ethical issues (Joshi et al., 2013). The issues majorly indicate fatalities that have been occurred due to tragic software coding. There are around six codes relevant to ICT ethical issues. The codes are as follows: The primary of the public interest: the software engineering code of ethics is a practical framework required to make moral organizational decisions (Joshi et al., 2013). The decisions are taken based on the software engineer issues that are affecting the organization. According to this code of action public interests get more values above personal interest. In this case study, the software engineer Wayne was working on a software project and the project methodology used is prototype modeling. However, during after the completion of the project when it was handed over to the software engineer for testing he found that, certain little issues existing in the project (Alvesson Sveningsson, 2015). Due to the presence of several aircrafts within a single system, sometime the system was losing the flow of the track. Nevertheless, for organizational existence the project manager advised to launch the software without proper testing. The issues kept private though was not consistent with pu blic interest. The enhancement of the quality life: The advanced ICT management system puts specified impact on the society that enhanced the life quality of the public and also reduces the disabilities. The air traffic control system is one of the important parts of the aerospace division. Thus, the quality of the product should be enough good for the public interest. As the manager was not ready to take such a loss for the company thus, he decided to deliver the flawed product (Tong, Tak Wong, 2015) In order to enhance the quality of the life the company should think about each and every single part of the complete project. For the safely and security of the public this play a crucial role. The personal satisfaction of the project manager hampered the overall system. Honesty: It is referred to as the trustworthiness of the public and of the stakeholders. The professional decision made by the manager of Occidental engineering of aerospace company do not wanted to miss the deadline provided by the client and thus, she forced the testing engineer to deliver the product without proper testing (Hogan Coote, 2014). This is a major dishonesty towards the clients. It was clear that the faulty product will not run properly without appropriate features. The software engineer was doubtful whole signing off from the role. Competence: Competence is referred to as the ability of thee expert team and the products produced by them accordingly. During analysis of this case study it is defined that, the employees are enough capable. The track of the system was losing the flow due to presence of too many aircraft systems (Center, 2014). The employees working on the project were determined that they can resolve or fix the issues but they need some time for the coding and testing. On missing deadline and cost overruns the government has certain policies so they are quite afraid of it. The assurance provided by the employees proves that they are capable enough in their allocated job role. The employees are too much responsible for their role in the organization. The employees are educated but the financial condition of the company was not supportive in nature. Processional development: In order to develop the professional relationship and quality of the products technical development is required to be adopted by the organization. The employees of the company are expert but according to the changing times more technical adaptation was needed (Nguyen, 2014). The organization was lagging it. Moreover, motivation and training and development of the IT professional were absent which was another ethical issue. Altitude changes from the assigned one, contradiction in critical maneuver, discretionary of the pilot re other issues relevant to it. Though the manager gave his approval but still it was not al l safe for the consumers. Professionalism: In professionalism the employees should avoid certain things such as they are needed to be impartial, information disclosure (Alvesson Sveningsson, 2015). They must respect other employees, initiative in responsibilities to maintain the integrity, sharing technical knowledge to improve the abilities of the employees. The engineer denied doing improper works but he did not disclose the organizational issue to the public. ACS generated the ethical codes for professionalism. In this particular case study, it is defined that the employees were bound to provide the product within the given deadline as the manager was not ready to lose the project (Mahaux et al., 2013). The organization did not acquire all the required improvement facilities and thus, they were suffering from various ethical issues. Apart from this, to resolve the unethical behavior they did not adopted appropriate actions. According to the contract it was clearly mentioned that, the delivered software sh ould have to be in proper working condition. Identification of the potential consequences to the project client Risks evolved in Occidental Engineering Technological risks were raised within the organization. According to McFarland, (2012) simultaneous satisfaction for all the requirements is not possible from the ethical a well as from the corporate perspective. Ethics is referred to as n practical science. Sometimes it become necessary to compromise with the system and some of the demands based on the rate of priority were developed by the organization. The risks oriented in this case are as follows: Dignity of the employees: Human dignity is one of the most considerable factors (Ortega Toro, 2016). The case study recognizes the primacy of ethics in human life. It gives protection and privacy the human life (Center, 2014). The faulty aircraft system would have hampered the life of others thus, the human dignity was not so far considered properly. Management issue: The organization had faced many other issues that hamper the overall system of the organization. There was not a single set of norm followed by different organizations rather Occidental Engineering had certain particular norms and regulations to be followed by the organization (Mahaux et al., 2013). In order to avoid cancellation of the project the company had adopted some moral judgments. The manager of the project had undertaken a judgment whereas the testing engineer obtained simulating judgment for the organization. The test engineer stated that the project is similar to a car that does not possess any brake. It means that the car is a risk to the passengers. Similarly, the imperfect aircraft is a life risk for all of those who are going to use it. Autonomy: The autonomy of the human subject must be always respected. The ethical, social and political life of their community is strictly based on the financial position of the company (Center, 2014). The financial structure of the company was not up to the mark and thus the repeat changes were too much time taken. Victims of the risks The victims of the risk involved the software tester Wayne Davidson and the project manager Deborah Shepherd of Occidental Engineering and the client of the aircraft (Ariza-Montes, 2014). From the ethical perspective, it had been defined that, the major risks was faced by the manager of the project as she was in the top most position of the company. The clients demanded for a certified product without any imperfection but during testing period the software developer noticed that, as lots of aircraft systems were present within the product thus the system was losing track during execution (Ariza-Montes, 2014). The other software engineers of the company demand for some extra time to fix the issue. However, due to lack of time the manager of occidental engineering company refused to give them extra time. With the hidden fault the manager decided to hand it over to the client of the product. After analysis of the situation it has been determined that the project manager faced the major risk. As she made commitment to the client of that particular product, due to financial risks they were unable to meet the requirement of the client. If the issues are recognized by the client then the manager will be a financial victim (McFarland, 2012). Similarly, considering the corporate ethical aspect, software developer realized that the product was not meeting all the clients requirements and therefore, if any complaint arises from the client side then, it will be risk to the tester. Finally, the main victim is the client as, the company planned to provide them a faulty product with hidden imperfections. Duty of the project manager of Occidental Engineering The manager of Occidental Engineering Company is the top most managerial level employee and he was bound to act the main role for the company (Chatman et al., 2014). He had the responsibility of all other working employees. If the case study is considered then, it can be said that, she must not allow the launching of the aircraft with the hidden faults, rather she must request for extra time, to resolve the machine orient issue. Thus, it is defined that, she should not break the rules of ethics. Only, in order to avoid the financial risks she must not allow the employees to deliver the product to the clients (McFarland, 2012). The duty of the project manager is to maintain the organization culture including the behavior of all the individual employees working for the company. She must be aware of the deadline of the project before 3 days of the submission. Duty of the software engineer of Occidental Engineering The software engineer of Occidental Engineering Company is also the testing engineer of the particular project (Hogan Coote, 2014). The responsibility of the developer is to motivate all the employees working under the project and also he must monitor the process of the work flow. Apart from this, the developer should have enough knowledge about the project that he is going to develop. Considering the Occidental Engineering case study, it has been defined that, the software developer was trying to maintain the ethical approach of the organization. Not only this but also When he realized the exact fault he denied to deliver the project to the client (Panuwatwanich Stewart, 2012). The duty of the software engineer is to build a perfect project for the clients. The software tester should make sure the quality of the product before 3 days of the deadline. Technologies adopted to resolve the ethical dilemma occurred in Occidental Engineering There are different technologies that should be adopted by the organization to resolve the ethical dilemma. The faults can be resolved by adopting different advanced technologies. These are as follows: Reduce cultural barrier: The cultural barriers existing among all the working employees of the company should be reduced by adopting open communication. In open communication system the top level managers are bound to listen to all the other employees (Xi, Zhang Ge, 2012). Thus, there is a chance to the employees to share their view point with the others. Motivation: Instead of provide support to the bad ethical approaches the project manner of the company should motivate the employees to work under proper approaches (Mahaux et al., 2013). Expert team: The organization should adopt different advanced technologies. So that, the technical issues can gets resolved easily. The team must have enough knowledge regarding ICT project management (Joshi et al., 2013). The expert team should be aware of all the single ICT application in the practical field such as designing, coding and testing. Training and development program: The organization should arrange certain training and development program to enhance the knowledge the employees according to the emerging technologies. Conclusion From the overall discussion it can be concluded that, the report has provided a defensive ethical ground to the company. The figure provided in the case study described that, Occidental Engineering Company is working on a project on SafeSkies for Federal Aviation Agency. Uncertainly and organizational conflict is another issue occurred due to the test result of the software. Then, they are forced to select between two situations such as compromising with the organizational difficulties and to deliver defective products. 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